Professor Haslam, a former GP and BMA president, will take over from outgoing chairman Sir Michael Rawlins, who will step down in March.
Professor Haslam is also currently the national clinical adviser to the Care Quality Commission, chairman of the NICE evidence accreditation advisory board and an expert member of the NHS national quality board.
Professor Haslam said: ‘I am delighted and honoured to have been appointed to be chairman of NICE. I sincerely hope that I can build on the remarkable work of Sir Michael Rawlins who has led NICE from its formation to become such an internationally respected and valued organisation.’
Health secretary Jeremy Hunt said: ‘I am pleased to confirm David Haslam as chairman of NICE. He will bring to this important role a wealth of skills and experience from his distinguished career as both a frontline GP and a respected clinical leader.
‘David is well-qualified to provide strong leadership for NICE’s work to support quality improvement across the health and care system.’